Hydrogen: Key to a Zero-Carbon Future, or a Costly Distraction? - which is the best electric toothbrush to buy

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The carbon economy has achieved some remarkable success, but the hardest part of the struggle has not yet begun.
Since the Industrial Revolution, China's power plants have been burning coal for the longest time, but its home heating system still emits greenhouse gases every day.
If there is no way to heat, the United StatesK.
It is likely to miss the climate goals for the next decade.
Some politicians and industry executives say the mix of hydrogen-
Release only water when burning-
The answer may be to get into the traditional gas network.
Skeptics say it will only cause other costly and difficult problems.
Cadent Gas Ltd.
Gas dealers say hydrogen could eventually offset 80% of U. S. gas. K.
Natural gas demand, while mixing it with traditional supplies and using existing infrastructure, will speed up rolling
Reduce costs.
"In places with high heat demand, this is the best, low demand
Simon felmann, director of network strategy and security at Cadent, said in an interview: "Carbon channel.
"We need to prove this by 2025, so by 2030 we will be really clear about the journey and then by 2040 we will be on our way smoothly.
"Some pilot projects are in progress, such as Cadent's H21, which is being developed with the United StatesK.
North Gas Network Co. , Ltd.
And Equinor ASA in Norway.
H21's website says it aims to convert nearly 4 million British households and businesses from natural gas to hydrogen and has the potential to reduce carbon emissions by more than 0. 258 billion tons per year by 2050.
BP Plc data show that this is more than Malaysia's total carbon dioxide emissions in 2017.
HyDeploy, run by the University of Kiel in northern England, is trying to mix hydrogen into gas, which will reduce emissions by about 6%.
If successful, a similar model will be promoted in the United StatesK.
It can save about 6 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions per year, equivalent to 2 tons.
According to HyDeploy, 5 million cars left the road.
But it will reach 2023 at the earliest before any possible commercial roll-
There is no policy framework to stimulate investment.
And the Conservative Party-
The British government has supported the technology to capture industrial carbon dioxide emissions, namely CCS, which needs to be developed with hydrogen and produce low-carbon gases, and it has not yet implemented the policies needed to encourage business development. scale projects.
While hydrogen is the richest element in the universe, there is no proven natural resource on Earth that can burn in the form of gas that generates energy.
It can be made by breaking down natural gas by using electric decomposition of water molecules or chemical processes known as reforming.
The cost of the first method is high, and the latter will still emit a lot of carbon dioxide.
That's why AmericaK.
The Climate Change Committee, an independent group of advisers to the government, said in a report that the use of hydrogen with CCS was "a necessity, not an option ".
However, although the British government has supported the development of CCS through various policies for more than ten years, there is still no commercial support. scale projects.
The H21 project will cost about £ 21 billion ($27. 3 billion), Cadent said.
This includes the entrance fee, the renovation of the House and the installation of new electrical appliances. -
Or modify the existing-
CCS technology.
If it can be extended to the UK, felmann says it is unlikely in remote rural areas and energy consumers will have to pay for it.
The CCC report estimates that costs will increase for each US company in 2025. K.
About 7,300 pounds of households purchase and install hydrogen heating systems.
According to the report, costs will fall by about 10% between 2025 and 2050.
By contrast, 6,500-
The cost of the air source heat pump in 2025 was GBP.
"It's hard to imagine a world where hydrogen is economic for consumers," Bloomberg Nev analyst Meredith Annex said in an interview . ".
"It would be easier to imagine other technologies, such as electric or heat pumps.
Unless the government takes significant intervention, 100% of hydrogen will not occur.
Other industry experts are also skeptical.
Iain Conn, chief executive of Centrica Plc, believes that natural gas will continue to support the US economy. K.
Energy supply and says hydrogen is used commercially
Scale is "unlikely to be practical.
Richard Lowes, a researcher at the University of Exeter, said in an interview that if hydrogen was generated by electricity and then burned in the boiler, about half of the original energy would be
"The scope of the electrolytic device ranges from about 40-
60% efficiency . "
"Because of this, using hydrogen from electricity looks more expensive than electric heating.
Lowes added that there are many technical and cost issues with the use of hydrogen heating.
"At present, 100% of hydrogen does not exist at all in domestic boilers," he said . ".
"The biggest problem is CCS: the scale you need is huge.
How will it work?
How much is it?
No one answered the question.
The situation with hydrogen is "nothing different" from that in the United States, Felman said ". K.
S. Renewable energy industry is considered expensive compared to oil and gas production.
"If we choose the wind farm, the price is really high at first, and then we determine the regulation and the market because the price is low and the cost of capital is reduced," said caddie's caddie.
"Give certainty and manage risk, because people will do better in this area, so prices will fall. ”—