2018 was the fourth warmest year on record — and more evidence of a ‘new normal,’ scientist group reports - air purifier reviews 2016

A science group announced Thursday that 2018 could be the fourth hottest year on record.
And joined an extra Foursquare.
The hot years since 2015 suggest that the Earth may never return to warmth in our lifetime.
The hottest year on Earth's land and sea records is 2016-
Thanks to a very strong El Nino event, in the long run.
Zeke hausfaher, a research scientist at Berkeley Earth, said that it followed in 2017, 2015, and now 2018.
"2018 is in line with the trend of long-term warming," father Horst said . ".
"It's much warmer than any year before 2015.
There is still such a big increase after 2014, with 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 in their own classes.
While expert groups sometimes disagree on annual temperature rankings like this --
Not all assessments are there-
The discovery of Berkeley Earth seems unlikely to be controversial.
The European agency, the Copernicus Climate Change Service, also announced earlier this month that 2018 was the fourth warmest year on record.
Kevin Cotan, a researcher at the University of York, also retained an influential temperature data set and he agreed with the ranking, although he pointed out by email that for us reasons, he can only track the last November data. S.
The government is closed and his assessment is still a month short.
"Our results by November clearly show that 2018 of people are in fourth place, much warmer than 2010," Cowtan said . ".
"The hottest 11 years on record were all in 2005.
As the government closesS.
Two top administrators of temperature recordsNASA and NOAA—
Their findings have not been announced yet.
Last year, both agencies released an assessment of the temperature in January 18, which NASA called the second warmth and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration called the third warmth.
Father Horst said his organization and the United States have planned to jointly launch in January 17. S.
Government agencies-
Just before shutting down.
Once that happens, Berkeley Earth decided to continue releasing its own numbers, he said.
NOAA and NASA did not immediately respond to requests for comment.
But Hausfather said that according to the current situation of other temperature data sets, the data as of November, so there is only one month left to add, for this year's ranking, either side may not have differences.
The head of NASA's office responsible for keeping the temperature record, Gavin Schmidt, tweeted in October that 2018 must be the hottest fourth year.
"At this point, it is impossible for 2018 not to be the fourth hottest in all records," said father Horst . ".
Last year was another year of extreme weather events.
Like the California fire.
Summer temperatures in Europe are also extremely hot. Twenty-
Berkeley Earth found that nine countries have recorded the hottest years, including European countries such as France and Germany, as well as Middle Eastern countries such as Oman and the United Arab Emirates.
The organization found that Antarctica is also the hottest year on record.
A strange cold anomaly has reappeared this year, and in the ocean of southeast Greenland, some scientists think it may represent a slowdown in the Atlantic Ocean's "flipped" ocean cycle.
Clearly, the region is running counter to the overall warming trend.
From a political and policy perspective, the special warmth of the past few years is very important.
This is because they look 1 or more degrees Celsius.
8 degrees Fahrenheit, above so-
Known as "pre-industrial" temperatures, or temperatures in the late 19 th century.
In the Berkeley Earth data set, the data for the past five years are above 1C;
According to the data provided by Hausfather, in the other two data sets, this threshold is expected to be exceeded in the past four years.
In the data set of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2018 of the data decreased slightly.
In any case, this is important because scientists have outlined the increasingly serious consequences of the Earth as soon as it reaches 1.
5 °c or 2C, are the temperature targets marked in the 2015 Paris climate agreement.
The arrival of 1. 5 degrees C—2. 7 degrees F—
It could happen in less than 20 years.
In fact, it has actually happened in many land areas, because at this point the surface of the land is warming faster than the ocean.
But the ocean is warming.
This is probably the hottest since 2018, when records are recorded.
Berkeley Earth predicts that, with the exception of 2019, 2016 is likely to be warmer than every year.
Therefore, it will exceed 1 degree Celsius again.
"At this point, we are unlikely to have a temperature drop to below that, at least on a global complete data set," Hausfather said . ".
He called the current temperature range
There have been more extreme heat events around the world, major coral bleaching and death, as well as shocking wildfires, as well as other climates --
Link appears-a “new normal.
Father House, who lives in the Bay Area, said he was personally affected. “We have a one-and-a-
"The baby is half a year old," he said.
"Earlier this fall, when the air quality in San Francisco was worse than that in Beijing, we had to stay inside and buy an air purifier and I had to wear a mask outside
"We also saw some crazy extreme heat events," he continued . ".
"Two weeks after the baby was born, it reached 100 degrees in San Francisco. . . .
Obviously, we don't have air conditioning. it's San Francisco.
So, in general, we certainly note that these extremes seem to become more common.